Which of the following treatments has been shown to have less normal tissue toxicity compared to traditional methods?

The treatment option identified as having less normal tissue toxicity compared to traditional methods is Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT). IMRT is an advanced form of high-precision radiation therapy that utilizes computer-generated images to create tightly focused radiation beams. This technology allows the radiation dose to conform closely to the three-dimensional shape of the tumor, which minimizes exposure to the surrounding healthy tissues.

In traditional radiation methods, such as conventional and 2D radiation therapy, the radiation beams are generally uniform, which means that both the tumor and the surrounding healthy tissues receive similar radiation doses. This results in higher normal tissue toxicity since normal tissues may receive doses that are potentially harmful.

IMRT's ability to modulate the intensity of the radiation beams allows for the delivery of higher doses to the tumor while simultaneously reducing the dose to normal organs at risk. This precision significantly decreases the likelihood of side effects and damage to healthy tissues, making IMRT a preferred choice for treating many types of cancers.

Brachytherapy involves placing radioactive sources directly within or very close to the tumor, which can be effective in reducing toxicity to surrounding tissues depending on the treatment context but does not generally offer the same level of precision in dose distribution that IMRT provides. Hence, it's IMRT that