In which anatomical region is a four-field box technique traditionally preferred?

The four-field box technique is traditionally preferred in the pelvic region due to the specific anatomical and radiological considerations associated with this area. This technique involves using four beam angles—typically from the anterior, posterior, and two lateral fields—to encompass the target volume effectively while sparing surrounding healthy tissues.

The pelvic region, often requiring treatment for conditions like tumors in the prostate, bladder, or rectum, benefits from this technique because it allows for optimal coverage of large and irregularly shaped treatment volumes. The four-field approach helps achieve a uniform dose distribution and effectively manages critical structures in close proximity, such as the bladder, rectum, and pelvic organs.

This technique is less commonly employed in other anatomical regions, like the head and neck, thoracic, or abdominal regions, where different techniques, such as IMRT (Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy) or smaller field arrangements, may be more beneficial due to the complex contours and the need for precision in irradiating tumors while sparing healthy tissues.